Few things are more frustrating than being jolted awake by a sudden, sharp pain in your leg. Nighttime leg cramps—sometimes called “charley horses”—are involuntary muscle contractions that can last from a few seconds to several minutes. While they’re common, especially among adults and older individuals, the causes are often overlooked. If you’ve ever found yourself clutching your calf in the middle of the night, here’s what you need to know.
What Causes Nighttime Leg Cramps?
Leg cramps at night can happen for several reasons, including:
Dehydration: Muscles need fluid balance to contract and relax properly. Even mild dehydration can trigger cramping.
Electrolyte imbalance: Low levels of magnesium, potassium, or calcium may make cramps more likely.
Sedentary lifestyle: Sitting for long periods without stretching can shorten muscles, making them prone to spasms.
Overexertion: Exercising without properly stretching afterward can lead to tight muscles that cramp later.
Poor circulation: Reduced blood flow can trigger nighttime muscle spasms.
Medications: Certain drugs, like diuretics or statins, are linked to leg cramps.
What You Can Do to Prevent Them
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